IMMUNE SYSTEMS Meaning and
Definition
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The immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs in the body that work together to defend against harmful pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites, as well as other foreign substances. Its primary function is to recognize and eliminate these potentially harmful invaders while distinguishing them from the body's own healthy cells.
The immune system operates through various mechanisms. One major component is the production of antibodies by specialized white blood cells, known as B cells. These antibodies bind to specific antigens present on the surface of the pathogens, marking them for destruction. Another essential component is the involvement of T cells, which play a crucial role in coordinating the immune response and directly attacking infected cells.
The immune system also possesses memory cells that enable it to remember past encounters with pathogens. This memory allows the immune system to respond more rapidly and effectively if it encounters the same pathogen again, resulting in a faster and stronger immune response.
However, the immune system is not foolproof, and sometimes it can mistakenly attack the body's own healthy cells, leading to autoimmune diseases. In other cases, the immune system may fail to recognize and eliminate certain pathogens, resulting in infection or the development of chronic conditions.
Overall, the immune system is a vital defense mechanism that continuously works to protect the body from external threats, maintaining its overall health and well-being.
Etymology of IMMUNE SYSTEMS
The word "immune" comes from the Latin word "immunis", which means "exempt" or "free from". The term "immune system" refers to the biological system within an organism that provides protection against diseases and infections. The word "system" originates from the Greek word "sustēma", meaning "organized body of parts".
